Mexico to Raise Tariffs on Cars From China to 50% in Major Overhaul

Economic

Political

Summary:

The move comes as the United States pushes countries in Latin America to limit their economic ties with China, with which it competes for influence in the region.

Mexico said on Wednesday it will raise tariffs on automobiles from China and other Asian countries to 50%, in a broad overhaul of import levies the government said would protect jobs and analysts said was aimed at placating the United States.

The Economy Ministry said the moves, which will increase tariffs to varying degrees on goods across multiple sectors including textiles, steel and automotive, would impact $52 billion of imports.

"They already have tariffs," Economy Minister Marcelo Ebrard told reporters when asked about the import levies on Chinese cars, which are currently 20%. "What we will do is raise them to the maximum level allowed."

"Without a certain level of protection, you almost can't compete," he added.

Ebrard said the measures, which come just within limits imposed by the World Trade Organization, were intended to protect jobs in Mexico as Chinese cars were entering the local market "below what we call reference prices."

The plan still needs to be approved by Congress, where the government holds a significant majority.

The tariffs will impact countries that do not have trade deals with Mexico, especially China, South Korea, India, Indonesia, Russia, Thailand and Turkey, the Economy Ministry said in a document about the plan.

The move comes as the United States pushes countries in Latin America to limit their economic ties with China, with which it competes for influence in the region.

Ebrard had earlier this year spoken against tariff measures, saying they were at odds with economic growth and keeping inflation down.

RESPONDING TO U.S. PRESSURE

Banco BASE analyst Gabriela Siller said the tariffs would likely boost demand for Chinese vehicles in the very short-term.

"Tariffs on countries with which Mexico does not have trade agreements have two objectives," she said on social media. "First, more revenue and second, to look good to Trump."

John Price, managing director at Americas Market Intelligence, said that Mexico, which exports many of its own vehicles to the U.S., is responding to U.S. pressure while trying to protect its economy.

"The Mexicans are trying to placate the Americans, but protect their industrial policy that's worked so well for them over the last 30 years," he said after the government announced it was looking to raise an additional $3.76 billion in tariff measures next year.

The United States and Mexico, which share a free trade agreement along with Canada, are each other's top trade partners. The agreement, which has spared Mexico the brunt of much of the tariffs from U.S. President Donald Trump's administration, is set for review next year.

Following reports last month that Mexico could raise tariffs on Chinese goods, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun said China opposed restrictions made "under the coercion of others" and that it believed countries would "remain independent."

Source: Reuters

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Adam

Stocks

Economic

Wall Street trading desks expect a hot inflation print when the consumer price index hits Thursday, but they aren’t preparing for a big reaction from stocks with jobs dominating the market narrative.

Options traders are betting the S&P 500 Index will post a modest swing of nearly 0.7% in either direction following the CPI report, according to Stuart Kaiser, Citigroup Inc.’s head of US equity trading strategy. That’s less than the average realized CPI day move of 0.9% over the past year, and below expectations for the next jobs report on Oct. 3. And Kaiser thinks the implied move is high.

It’s all about how traders are gaming out the Federal Reserve’s interest-rate path. US jobs data is showing weakness at a level that threatens economic growth, so the central bank is expected to reduce the fed funds rate by a quarter of a percentage point when its meeting concludes on Sept. 17 and perhaps continue with more cuts at its meetings in October and December.

Wall Street is acutely focused on the Fed’s thinking, with more than a full percentage point of rate cuts priced in over the next year. Rising inflation could derail that.

“We do not think there is a credible threat to the print that would force the Fed to remain paused in September,” Andrew Tyler, JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s global head of market intelligence, wrote in a note to clients on Monday. “However, we do think a materially hawkish print here adjusts the Fed’s reaction function to October and December meetings.”

Stock Traders No Longer Fear Inflation as Jobs Take Spotlight_1

Several big banks have adjusted their forecasts on the assumption that the Fed will cut rates more than they had been expecting. For example, Barclays economists now expect three quarter-point cuts this year, followed by another two in 2026.

The CPI report will add to the mosaic of data prints US traders will need to parse for additional clues on the Fed’s interest-rate path.

If consumer prices spike in this report, “then it is likely we see inflation acceleration into year-end and into 2026,” Tyler wrote. That outcome is likely to keep the Fed on hold at its October and December meetings, particularly as economic growth metrics like gross domestic product continue to move higher, according to Tyler.

Trading Inflation

Economists forecast a 0.3% rise in the August core CPI reading, which excludes food and energy costs, from a month earlier. That would leave it up 3.1% year-over-year — well above the Fed’s 2% target and matching the readings from the prior month.

In the most likely scenario laid out by Tyler’s team, core CPI rises between 0.3% and 0.35% from a month ago, and the S&P 500 swings between a loss of 0.25% and a gain of as much as 0.5%. If core CPI is between 0.25% and 0.3% from the prior month, JPMorgan’s trading desk expects the S&P 500 to advance 1% to 1.5%, Tyler wrote. A print below 0.25% could spark a rally between 1.25% to 1.75% in the S&P 500, he added.

If core CPI jumps more than 0.4% from the prior month, the S&P 500 will respond with a drop of as much as 2%, according to Tyler. But he sees just a 5% chance of that happening.

With growth remaining resilient, traders are pricing in little risk over the next few weeks. The Atlanta Fed’s GDPNow model sees real gross domestic product climbing at a 3% annual rate in the third quarter, down slightly from 3.3% in the second quarter but still relatively strong.

That helps explain why the Cboe Volatility Index, or VIX, sits well below the key 20 level where traders start getting concerned. Meanwhile, the Citigroup US Economic Surprise Index, a rolling measure of whether economic indicators are clocking in above or below expectations, sits near the highest level since January.

Stock Traders No Longer Fear Inflation as Jobs Take Spotlight_2

A rising surprise index typically is encouraging for stocks. But in this case, if the economy has more positive surprises in store, it may complicate the Fed’s goal of reining in inflation and force the central bank to keep interest rates higher for longer.

“It will all depend on the labor market,” Citigroup’s Kaiser said. “If the Fed cuts rates in October, it probably means labor data remains under pressure and inflation is not surprising to the upside.”

Source: Bloomberg

To stay updated on all economic events of today, please check out our Economic calendar

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Adam

Commodity

A safe haven asset that's doubled in value in the past three years, draws more investors while geopolitics become more turbulent, and keeps getting its analyst price targets raised as the Fed prepares to smash the rate cut button. That might sound like a crypto sales pitch. But it's gold (GC=F).

By the numbers, the precious metal is shimmering. Gold prices are up more than 40% this year, far outpacing the S&P 500’s (^GSPC) 10% gain. Even bitcoin (BTC-USD), which has enjoyed a record-setting year thanks to the Trump administration's embrace, has been left in the yellow-speckled dust with a mere 20% gain.

Unlike the stock market and its rising tides, there are people on the other end of this trade. Gold's rise also serves as a barometer of the economic mood — and not in a good way.

Many of the factors lifting gold prices would be considered disconcerting outside of the context of an appreciating asset. Gold's identity and benefit as a store of value are intertwined with financial turmoil. People, governments, and institutions don't normally seek refuge when things are going well, and typically, when they do, they are competing with the US dollar and various iterations of longer-term bonds.

On the other hand, the peak of the 5,000-year-old store of value comes not in spite of, but alongside a record high for tech stocks and an overall embrace of bullishness in the stock market.

The potential for lower interest rates, as a salve to a struggling labor market, has electrified the markets. What on its face was the bad news of higher unemployment also came with the good news of an expected rate cut, perhaps even a jumbo cut. Lower rates tend to mean higher gold prices, as the safe-haven asset becomes more attractive compared to risk-free investments.

Even before all of that, however, the post-pandemic era of global politics has shaken up long-standing alliances and given rise to new tensions among governments. President Trump's trade policy injected fresh uncertainty into the economic outlook and prompted investors to hedge against US assets.

According to an analysis by Morgan Stanley Research, the US dollar ended the first half of 2025 with its biggest loss since 1973, and pressure against the greenback is likely to continue. As a protection against inflation and devaluing currency, gold makes sense.

You can see where the gains have come from on the opposite end of the ledger. The US dollar index (DX.Y.NYB) has declined nearly 10% year to date, while the long-dated Treasury yields have stayed high — even with the next rate cut coming into view. The world is having trust issues with US dollars and debt and turning to other, shinier things.

Policymakers around the world are playing a role too, as they have amped up their purchases of gold. In fact, foreign central bank holdings of gold have topped US Treasurys for the first time since 1996, according to Bloomberg data compiled by Crescat Capital macro strategist Tavi Costa.

The White House's pressure campaign against the Federal Reserve has also added to gold's luster as those trust issues evolve. In a recent note, Goldman Sachs analysts said that gold could surge to $5,000 an ounce by 2026 if the Fed's independence is threatened and investors shift even a small amount of their holdings from government bonds to gold.

But the foundation of gold's bullishness is defensiveness, not a world-changing technology or financial innovation, which leads to the obvious question of when the wind blows the other way.

No one is getting instantly rich off the idea of a gold treasury company. This isn't the perpetual motion machine of bitcoin and its lesser peers. Gold is inert. But that’s also its ultimate selling point: The precious metal has the benefit of not pretending to be anything else.

finance.yahoo

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Manuel

Commodity

Political

Oil climbed for a third session as investors weighed President Donald Trump’s next moves to penalize Russia for its ongoing war in Ukraine, raising concerns over crude supplies from the region.

West Texas Intermediate rose to trade around $64 a barrel, reaching the highest intraday price in a week. The commodity had a knee-jerk reaction after Trump questioned Russia’s incursion into Polish airspace in a social media post. The second line (“Here we go!”) spurred traders to cover short positions in the event that the US leader moves forward with penalties on Russian energy soon.

“The read-through is that Trump–Putin relations are deteriorating rather than improving, which raises the odds of some kind of response,” said Rebecca Babin, a senior energy trader at CIBC Private Wealth Group.

The post comes after Trump told European Union officials he’s willing to add new tariffs on India and China, the top importers of Russian crude, in an effort to get Moscow to negotiate with Ukraine — but only if EU nations do so as well.

Oil traders are also weighing the fallout from Israel’s strike in Doha and the outlook for US interest rates.

US producer prices unexpectedly declined, adding to the case for the Federal Reserve to cut borrowing costs, potentially helping support energy demand.

Meanwhile, Israel attacked military bases in Yemen manned by Houthi operatives, a day after the country targeted Hamas leaders in Qatar’s capital Tuesday. The move threatens to derail US-led efforts to end the Middle East conflict. Israel has claimed full responsibility, while Trump distanced himself from the strike.

Dueling Forces

US oil has been stuck between $62 and $67 for more than a month now, with expectations of a glut toward the end of 2025 hanging over the market. Still, the unrest from Poland to Qatar has reignited concerns about an escalation of hostilities, which has revived a geopolitical risk premium in crude prices.

WTI’s prompt spread — the difference between its two closest contracts — closed at its weakest level since April on Tuesday, reflecting a softening domestic market. A US government report on Wednesday said showed crude inventories rose by 3.9 million barrels, significantly more than expected, while product inventories also lifted.

In contrast, options markets saw a small move upward in the cost of bullish calls. Periods of elevated geopolitical risk have generally been most clearly priced in the options space.

US “crude exports will rebound in the weeks ahead, while refinery runs begin their seasonal swoon,” said Matt Smith, Americas lead oil analyst at market intelligence firm Kpler.

Source: Bloomberg

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Adam

Bond

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_1

Investors are leaning into bullish bets on US Treasuries ahead of this week’s inflation report, as a recent run of softer-than-expected data opens the door for the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates in September and further ease monetary policy in the months ahead.

The market’s dovish stance has been reflected in open interest, or the amount of new risk held by traders: Some 70,000 contracts were added in October fed funds futures following Friday’s lackluster employment report, the largest daily increase on record for that month.

In SOFR options, which closely track the Fed’s policy path, a number of large positions have emerged that look to benefit from an outsized cut of 50 basis points at next week’s meeting, though such a move is seen as unlikely.

“It’s now a lock that the Fed will cut interest rates at their meeting next week and that further rate cuts will follow in the months ahead,” said Bill Adams, chief economist for Comerica Bank. “The question is by how much.”

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_2

Yields on the US 10-year Treasury have dropped from a July peak to their lowest levels in around five months, as bonds rallied after a series of reports suggested that the US economy is cooling. Friday’s data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics further bolstered that view when it showed nonfarm payrolls increased by just 22,000 in August while unemployment rose to its highest since 2021.

In London trading, the 10-year yield was unchanged at 4.08%. The yield on two-year notes, which are sensitive to moves in rates pricing, slipped 2 basis points to 3.54%.

On Tuesday, a BLS report showed the number of workers on payrolls through March will likely be revised lower by a record 911,000. Investors are now awaiting a report on consumer prices, due Thursday.

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_3

Going Big

Wall Street has scrambled to adjust forecasts for what many now expect to be a more aggressive trajectory of rate cuts. Economists at Barclays, for instance, now see a quarter-point rate cut at each of this year’s three remaining meetings, from a previous forecast of just two cuts for the remainder of 2025.

Though interest rates swaps currently price in a full 25 basis point cut for next week, the run of weak data has emboldened some market participants looking for a heftier move.

“We recognize that we are moving early,” said Steven Englander, global head of G10 FX Research at Standard Chartered, in a report ahead of Tuesday’s data on revisions. “But we expect preliminary revisions to employment data for April 2024 to March 2025 to support our 50-bps call.”

Others are less sure the Fed will be that aggressive in September or the months ahead. Fed swaps on Tuesday were pricing in a combined 67 basis points of easing over the three remaining meetings this year, around 8 basis points short of three quarter-point moves.

A 50-basis point cut “would scare the market, as they would ask, ‘are we missing something that the Fed knows about?,” said Jeff Given, senior portfolio manager at Manulife Investment Management.

If employment data recovers in September, “then the Fed may say they can cut at every other meeting for a little time,” he said.

Here’s a rundown of the latest positioning indicators across the rates market:

JPMorgan Treasury Client Survey

JPMorgan’s Treasury client survey showed longs rise by two percentage points and shorts unchanged on the week at the highest since early February.

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_4

Most Active SOFR Options

In SOFR options, across Sep25, Dec25 and Mar26 tenors over the past week there was a heavy amount of new risk added in the 96.25 strike, largely due to demand for Sep25 calls via positions such as SFRU5 96.1875/96.25 call spreads, while there was also outright buying in the strike used to target a half-point Fed cut at the September meeting. There was also demand for SFRZ5 96.00/96.125/96.25/96.375 call condors over the past week. December call condors have also been popular over the past week with flows including SFRZ5 96.1875/96.3125/96.50/96.625 call condors and SFRZ5 96.25/96.375/96.50/96.625 call condors

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_5

SOFR Options Heatmap

In SOFR options across Sep25, Dec25 and Mar26 tenors, the 96.125 strike remains the most populated, where a large amount of Sep25 calls lie, largely due to a massive position in the SFRU5 96.125/96.25 call spread which has been built over recent weeks to a size in the region of 350,000 options. The 95.625 strike also contains a heavy amount of open interest largely due to positioning in Sep25 puts and Dec25 calls. There also remains a large amount of 95.75 Sep25 puts in open positions.

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_6

Treasury Options Skew

Treasury options skew in the long-end of the curve has flipped to favor calls in recent sessions, indicating that traders are paying a small premium to hedge a rally in the long-end vs. a selloff, as 30-year yields continue to stretch away from a 5% level.

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_7

CFTC Futures Positioning

In the week ending Sept. 2, asset managers added to net long duration, increasing longs across most Treasury futures tenors. They were most bullish in 10-year note futures, where net long position was extended by around $6.6 million per basis point in risk. On the flip side, hedge funds were bearish 10-year note futures, where net short position was extended by around $5.5 million per basis point in risk.

Treasury Investors Ramp Up Bullish Positions Before CPI Data_8

Source: Bloomberg

Risk Warnings and Disclaimers

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Owen Li

Central Bank

Reports claiming the Trump administration attempted to remove Fed Governor Jerome Powell have no substantiated basis from primary sources or official announcements as of September 2025.

Potential removal of a Fed Chair could destabilize financial markets, affecting cryptocurrency volatility, but no confirmed legal actions or disruptions have been noted.

Trump Administration Allegedly Appeals Court to Block Fed Chair Removal

Rumors of Trump seeking legal action to remove Fed Chair Jerome Powell circulate without official confirmation.

The circulating rumors about Powell’s potential removal have prompted discussions among analysts and market participants. While no official evidence supports these reports, concerns about leadership uncertainties could influence market sentiment towards both traditional and crypto assets. As of now, neither Trump nor Powell has commented on these alleged legal actions.

"No public statements have been made on channels referencing a court injunction or the attempt to remove Powell." - Federal Reserve Biography

Analysts Weigh In on Financial and Crypto Implications

Did you know? The Federal Reserve’s leadership roles have historically faced political pressures, but no sitting or former U.S. president has successfully removed a Fed Chair through emergency legal action.

Source: CryptoSlate

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Devin

Economic

The European Union is very unlikely to impose crippling tariffs on India or China, the main buyers of Russian oil, as U.S. President Donald Trump has urged the bloc to do, EU sources said.

An EU delegation, including the EU's Russia sanctions chief, flew to Washington this week to discuss how the two sides can coordinate on sanctions against Russia over its full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Officials said Trump urged the EU to hit India and China with up to 100% tariffs in order to put pressure on Russian President Vladimir Putin, who relies on energy revenues to fund his country's war in Ukraine.

The European Commission did not respond to a request for comment.

The European Union has imposed extensive sanctions on Russia and also listed two Chinese banks as well as a major Indian refinery in its last package in July.

However, the EU treats tariffs in a different way to sanctions and only imposes them after an investigation typically lasting months to establish a legally sound justification, the sources said.

The bloc has so far only imposed tariffs in the context of the Ukraine war on Russian and Belarusian fertilizers and farm products. The justification for the measures was to prevent creating a dependency that could be exploited and to avoid harm to EU fertiliser producers.

"So far, there is no discussion on possible tariffs neither on India...nor with China," an EU diplomat said.

Furthermore, the EU is in the midst of finalising a trade deal with India, which the bloc is unlikely to want to jeopardize.

Trump's position on India also appeared to ease by Wednesday, when he said he was looking to reset trade relations with New Delhi.

Another EU source said such tariffs were risky and could be too broad and it was easier to sanction specific entities and open the door to delist them if they ended their business with Russia.

Up to now, the EU had limited itself to listing small and unknown entities in third countries, which were often shell companies used to funnel military equipment or dual-use goods for use by Russia's military.

The EU is planning to list banks in two central Asian countries in its 19th package of sanctions as well as Chinese refineries, which could be proposed as soon as Friday.