Hassett Says Fed Should Cut Rates, Predicts 25 Basis Points

Economic

Summary:

National Economic Council Director Kevin Hassett said the Federal Reserve should cut interest rates at its meeting next week and predicted a reduction of 25 basis points as speculation grows that President Donald Trump is readying his nomination to lead the central bank.

Hassett, speaking in an interview on Fox News, was asked if he believed the Federal Open Market Committee would cut rates.

"I think we should, and I think that we are likely to," Hassett said, pointing to recent communications from Fed governors and regional presidents. "They now seem much more like they're leaning in the direction of a rate cut."

Hassett said he wanted to "get to a much lower rate" over the long run.

"If there's consensus around 25 basis points, which it looks like there is, then I'll take it," he continued.

The presidential economic adviser demurred when asked how many additional cuts he might pursue if nominated and confirmed to lead the Fed, saying the chair's job was to be "very data responsive" and consider what adjusting the rates would do to inflation and employment.

Trumponomics: What If Kevin Hassett Becomes Fed Chair?

"The president has a number of candidates that he's been thinking about," Hassett said. "I'm honored to be on a list with some great people. And we'll see how it goes."

Trump said earlier this week he plans to announce his selection to lead the Federal Reserve in early 2026 and had settled on a finalist. He has repeatedly praised Hassett in recent days and teased his possible nomination.

"I guess a potential Fed chair is here too," Trump said during an event Tuesday at the White House. "I don't know who is allowed to say that — potential. He's a respected person that I can tell you. Thank you, Kevin."

Trump allies have been discussing the possibility of giving Hassett's current role leading the National Economic Council to Scott Bessent — in addition to his job as Treasury secretary — should the nomination move forward.

Source: Bloomberg

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Manuel

Cryptocurrency

Ethereum completed its Fusaka upgrade on Dec. 3, marking one of the network’s most essential steps toward long-term scalability.

The upgrade builds on a series of changes since the 2022 Merge and follows the earlier Dencun and Pectra releases, which lowered Layer 2 fees and increased blob capacity.

Fusaka goes further by restructuring how Ethereum confirms that data is available, widening the channel through which Layer 2 networks like Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base post their compressed transaction batches.

It does this through a new system called PeerDAS, which allows Ethereum to verify large volumes of transaction data without requiring every node to download it.

Buterin says Fusaka is ‘incomplete’

However, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin cautioned that Fusaka should not be viewed as a completed version of sharding, the network’s long-term scaling plan.

Buterin noted that PeerDAS represents the first working implementation of data sharding. However, he noted that several critical components remain unfinished.

According to him, Ethereum can now make more data available, and at lower cost, but the full system envisioned over the past decade still requires work across multiple layers of the protocol.

Considering this, Buterin highlighted three gaps in Fusaka’s sharding.

First, Ethereum’s base layer still processes transactions sequentially, meaning execution throughput has not increased alongside the new data capacity.

Secondly, block builders, specialized actors who assemble transactions into blocks, continue to download full data payloads even though validators no longer need to, which creates a centralization risk as data volumes grow.

Lastly, Ethereum still uses a single global mempool, forcing every node to process the same pending transactions and limiting the network’s scalability.

His message essentially frames Fusaka as the foundation for the next development cycle. He stated: “The next two years will give us time to refine the PeerDAS mechanism, carefully increase its scale while we continue to ensure its stability, use it to scale L2s, and then when ZK-EVMs are mature, turn it inwards to scale ethereum L1 gas as well.”

Glamsterdam becomes the next focal point

The most immediate successor to Fusaka is the Glamsterdam upgrade, targeted for 2026.

If Fusaka expands Ethereum’s data bandwidth, Glamsterdam seeks to ensure that the network can handle the operational load that comes with it.

The headline feature is enshrined proposer-builder separation, known as ePBS. This change shifts block construction into the protocol itself, reducing Ethereum’s dependence on a handful of external block builders who currently dominate the market.

As data volumes rise under Fusaka, those builders would gain even more influence. ePBS is meant to prevent that outcome by formalizing how builders bid for blocks and how validators participate in the process.

Running alongside ePBS is a complementary feature called block-level access lists. These lists require builders to specify which parts of Ethereum’s state a block will touch before execution begins.

Client teams say this allows software to schedule tasks more efficiently and lays the groundwork for future parallelization. This would be an essential step as the network prepares for heavier computational loads.

Together, ePBS and access lists form the core of Glamsterdam’s market and performance reforms. They are viewed as structural prerequisites for operating a high-capacity data system without sacrificing decentralization.

Other planned Ethereum upgrades

Beyond Glamsterdam lies another roadmap milestone, the Verge, centered on Verkle trees.

This system restructures how Ethereum stores and verifies the network’s state.

Instead of requiring full nodes to store the entire state locally, Verkle trees enable them to verify blocks with compact proofs, significantly reducing storage requirements. Notably, this was partially addressed in Fusaka.

For node operators and validators, this aligns with one of Ethereum’s core priorities: ensuring that running a node remains accessible without enterprise-grade hardware.

This work matters because Fusaka’s success increases the amount of data Ethereum can ingest. Still, without changes to state management, the cost of keeping up with the chain could eventually climb.

The Verge aims to ensure the opposite, and that Ethereum becomes easier to run even as it processes more data.

From thereon, Ethereum would focus on updates to the Purge, a long-term effort to remove accumulated historical data and retire technical debt, making the protocol lighter and easier to operate.

Beyond those changes is the Splurge, a collection of upgrades designed to refine the user and developer experience.

This would be achieved through improvements to account abstraction, new approaches to MEV mitigation, and ongoing cryptographic enhancements

A global settlement layer

Taken together, these updates form successive stages of the same ambition:

“Ethereum is positioning itself as a global settlement layer capable of supporting millions of transactions per second through its Layer 2 ecosystem while maintaining the security guarantees of its base chain.”

Long-time ecosystem figures increasingly echo that framing. Joseph Lubin, an Ethereum co-founder, noted:

“The world economy will be built on Ethereum.”

Lubin pointed to the network’s nearly decade-long uninterrupted operation and its role in settling more than $25 trillion in value last year.

He also noted that Ethereum currently hosts the largest share of stablecoins, tokenized assets, and real-world asset issuances, and that ETH itself has become a productive asset through staking, restaking, and DeFi infrastructure.

His remarks capture the broader thesis behind the current roadmap: a settlement platform that can run continuously, absorb global financial activity, and remain open to any participant who wants to validate or transact.

That future depends on three outcomes, according to CoinGecko. The network must remain scalable, enabling rollups to process large volumes of activity at predictable costs. It must remain secure, relying on thousands of independent validators whose ability to participate is not restricted by hardware demands. And it must remain decentralized, ensuring that anyone can run a node or validator without specialized equipment.

Source: Cryptoslate

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Manuel

Economic

The transformative effects of artificial intelligence dominated discussions at the Reuters NEXT conference in New York, with panelists concentrating on how it may upend work - and job growth - sidestepping concerns about an AI bubble.

Artificial intelligence represents the biggest technological upheaval to the world economy since the rise of the internet a quarter-century ago. It has brought trillions of dollars of investment and dizzying stock-market gains, but also a shortage of memory chips, regulatory scrutiny, and rising anxiety about job displacement.

The numbers are ‌eye-popping. In the first half of 2025, AI-related capital expenditures contributed more to GDP growth than the consumer, according to JP Morgan Asset Management. Investment advisory Bespoke Investment Group recently estimated about one-third of the rise in global market cap since the introduction ‌of AI assistant ChatGPT comes from 28 AI-related companies.

Corporate executives at Reuters NEXT largely focused on how AI would transform work, though some talked about the threat to jobs. "All (of our customers) are focused on slowing headcount growth," said May Habib, CEO and co-founder of AI startup Writer. "This has happened just in the last few weeks. You close a customer, you get on the phone with the CEO to kick off the project, and it's like, 'Great, how soon can I whack 30% of my team?'"

FEARS OF JOB UPHEAVAL

The fears about job displacement brought on by the AI boom are backed by a U.S. Federal Reserve report noting data and surveys ⁠that say artificial intelligence is already replacing entry-level positions and causing companies ‌to trim hiring plans. An August Reuters/Ipsos poll showed 71% were concerned AI will be "putting too many people out of work permanently."

Striking a more optimistic tone that became one theme of the Reuters NEXT conference, economist Joseph Lavorgna, counselor to the U.S. Treasury secretary, said the focus should be on how the technology could ‍enhance labor rather than replace it. “AI is an incredible tool that I think is complementary to the existing workforce,” he said. “We need policies that are going to encourage businesses to invest, and AI is a complement to it.”

Nevertheless, employment data is hard to ignore. Recent college graduates have seen a sharp rise in unemployment, with a current jobless rate of 9.5% for those between 20 and 24 with a bachelor's degree, according to the U.S. Labor Department, compared with the nation's 4.4% rate.

Joe Depa, EY chief innovation officer, likened the changes to previous tech upheavals like the development of the internet, but “the difference this time is that the disruption is ‌faster.” Depa said “adaptability is the new job security,” with his biggest worry around the middle management class.

Tracey Franklin, Moderna's chief people and digital technology officer, said what has changed is how companies are starting to evaluate employment needs in tandem with technological needs, rather than separately.

“We're pooling teams together and really looking at, what is their IT portfolio, what is their human capital strategy, how do we pull that together to meet their business objectives. So we're having these integrated conversations we didn't have before,” she said.

SKEPTICISM AND WORRY

The Reuters/Ipsos poll also showed 61% worried about increased electricity consumption from data centers, which is only set to grow. Jeff Schultz, senior vice president of portfolio strategy at Cisco Systems, noted the infrastructure to run AI and the chips needed already consume a lot of power, and that network traffic ⁠needed for agentic AI is much higher and steadier than sporadic demand from AI chatbots.

But backlash is growing to the energy-hogging data center clusters that have contributed to rising utility prices. It is evident in places like Virginia and Pennsylvania, even among supporters of President Donald Trump, who has championed AI development and is considering ways to restrict state-level regulations.

There was notable trepidation among speakers at Reuters NEXT from the media and creative industries, due to concern that AI-generated content could replace the creative work of writers or actors.

“When it comes to talent, there is ‍a lot of controversy whether it's acting, whether it's ⁠music, et cetera, and that's where I think we really need to be very aggressive in protecting creative talent and making sure that they are not replaced,” said longtime media executive Shari Redstone.

Sarah Jessica Parker, the longtime star of TV series “Sex and the City,” said she thinks people still value the tactile human experience – citing the unpredictability and spontaneity of performance.

“We’re still – the ⁠majority of us - are relying on the human exchange,” Parker told Reuters editor-in-chief Alessandra Galloni. “Even on film, even though I know there's so much now that you can fix and make prettier or tighter or better, there's still this human element ‌when we talk about the movies we love … I’m not sure that AI will be able to replicate that live nerve.”

Source: Reuters

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Manuel

Stocks

Meta Platforms Inc.’s Mark Zuckerberg is expected to meaningfully cut resources for building the so-called metaverse, an effort that he once framed as the future of the company and the reason for changing its name from Facebook Inc.

Executives are considering potential budget cuts as high as 30% for the metaverse group next year, which includes the virtual worlds product Meta Horizon Worlds and its Quest virtual reality unit, according to people familiar with the talks, who asked not to be named while discussing private company plans. Cuts that high would most likely include layoffs as early as January, according to the people, though a final decision has not yet been made.

Savings from the metaverse cuts are expected to funnel toward other futuristic projects within Meta’s Reality Labs division, including AI glasses and other wearables, according to people familiar with the plans.

The proposed metaverse cuts are part of the company’s annual budget planning for 2026, which included a series of meetings at Zuckerberg’s compound in Hawaii last month, the people said. Zuckerberg has asked Meta executives to look for 10% cuts across the board, which has been the standard request during similar budget cycles the past few years, they added.

The metaverse group was asked to cut deeper this year given that Meta has not seen the level of industry-wide competition over the technology that it once expected, they said. The majority of the proposed cuts are likely to hit Meta’s virtual reality group, which makes up the bulk of metaverse-related spend, the people said. Cuts would also target Horizon Worlds.

The entire metaverse effort has drawn scrutiny from investors, who have seen it as a drain on resources, as well as from watchdogs, who have alleged that children’s privacy and safety have been compromised in the virtual worlds. Shares of Meta jumped as much as 5.7% after markets opened in New York, their biggest intraday gain since July 31.

A spokesperson for Meta declined to comment.

Meta’s vision for the metaverse has not taken off despite Zuckerberg’s conviction, which he still has, that people will one day work and play in virtual worlds. In 2021, as Facebook was facing fallout for user safety and privacy issues, Zuckerberg rebranded the whole company around the idea of the metaverse and started spending heavily on the vision.

The metaverse group sits within Reality Labs, the Meta division focused on long-term bets like VR headsets and AR glasses. That group has lost more than $70 billion since the start of 2021. Zuckerberg has largely stopped mentioning the metaverse in public and on company earnings calls, and is instead focused on developing the large AI models that underpin AI chatbots and other generative AI products, as well as the hardware products that are more linked to those experiences, like Meta’s Ray-Ban smart display glasses.

Some analysts and investors have long advocated that Zuckerberg rid himself of Reality Labs products that continue to drain resources without providing much revenue in return. In April, Mike Proulx, a vice president at research and advisory firm Forrester, predicted that Meta would “shutter its metaverse projects, like Horizon Worlds” before the end of the year.

Meta’s “Reality Labs division continues to be a leaky bucket,” he said in an email at the time, pointing to the unit’s losses. Shuttering metaverse efforts, Proulx said, “would allow the company to give more focus to its AI projects including Llama, Meta AI, and AI glasses.”

Meta is still committed to building consumer hardware, and recently hired Apple Inc.’s top design executive to help.

Source: Bloomberg

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Manuel

Cryptocurrency

Adding a Bitcoin ETF subaccount requires the insurance company to negotiate fees with the ETF issuer, clear internal compliance, and decide that offering crypto exposure serves policyholders’ interests and won’t trigger regulatory blowback.

Most insurers haven’t made that call yet, so the menu defaults to the same equity and bond subaccounts that have been available for decades.

The cultural and compliance layer

Finally, there’s the cultural and compliance layer. Even with the DOL’s reversal, benefits lawyers and consultants are still telling plan fiduciaries that crypto in 401(k)s is legally high-risk and should be approached with extreme caution.

Barron’s and MarketWatch both note that many advisors still view Bitcoin as speculative and suggest allocations of only 1% to 3%, even where ETFs are available, which effectively serves as a de facto soft cap.

Some platforms remain structurally biased toward indirect exposure: Schwab’s crypto education emphasizes ETPs and thematic stocks, not direct coins, steering conservative clients toward “picks and shovels” or diversified funds rather than owning BTC itself.

This is the layer that doesn’t show up in product availability grids but determines what actually happens in practice.

A fiduciary can add a Bitcoin ETF to a 401(k) menu, but if the benefits consultant tells the board that doing so will invite scrutiny and increase litigation risk, the board will choose not to.

An adviser can recommend a 5% Bitcoin allocation, but if the compliance desk flags it as outside the client’s risk tolerance band, the allocation is trimmed to 1% or removed entirely.

The end state is a market where Bitcoin is technically available everywhere but practically available only to clients who know to ask for it, have the risk tolerance to clear compliance gates, and are using platforms that treat crypto as a core asset class rather than a speculative add-on.

The big outright bans are gone. What’s left is a soft infrastructure of defaults, gates, and nudges that keeps most US retirement money in the same equity-and-bond allocations it’s always had.

Source: Cryptoslate

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Manuel

Commodity

The U.S. Defense Logistics Agency still intends to purchase cobalt for the National Defense Stockpile but is reassessing its strategy and has no target date for reissuing the tender, a DLA spokesperson told ‌Reuters on Thursday.

Any purchases of cobalt are likely to cost the agency a lot more as prices have ‌already risen 50% since the original tender was launched in August.

This is the DLA's first cobalt stockpiling effort in more than three decades. The United States needs cobalt to safeguard national security and industrial resilience as competition for strategic minerals intensifies around the world.

The U.S. is also ⁠aiming to reduce reliance on ‌China, which dominates processing of the metal used to make missiles, aerospace parts, magnets for communication and radar and guidance systems.

"DLA is currently reevaluating ‍its acquisition strategy for cobalt. The requirement is still valid, and DLA still intends to purchase the material for the National Defense Stockpile," the DLA spokesperson said. "At this time, the agency does not have a target date for reissuance of the solicitation."

The tender originally announced on August 19 ‌with offers due by August 29 went through several amendments before it was cancelled in October.

Cobalt prices are currently trading around $24 a lb or $52,910 a metric ton, compared with $16 a lb or $35,275 a ton in August. They have been climbing since hitting a nine-year low around $10 a lb in February after top producer Democratic Republic of Congo banned exports.

Congo has ⁠since imposed quotas, but producers are still waiting for government approval to resume exports.

In the original offer, the agency detailed plans to purchase 16.49 million lbs or 7,480 metric tons of cobalt metal over a five-year period for the National Defense Stockpile.

It ‍was initially looking for ⁠offers from only three companies - Vale's Port Colborne and Long Harbour plants in Canada, Japan's Sumitomo Metal Mining and Glencore's Nikkelverk operation in Norway.

Cobalt industry sources say part ⁠of the problem with the tender was the DLA wanting companies to commit to fixed prices for the entire ‌five-year period which doesn't account for price swings that could leave producers facing ‌losses.

Source: Reuters

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Justin

Economic

This year has been the worst for layoffs since the start of the pandemic, a new report shows — and those newly unemployed workers are entering a tough job market.

While a job loss can leave workers scrambling to keep up with bills like their mortgage or children's college tuition, there is one thing it's important to do before you reassess your expenses or talk to lenders, experts say: Apply for unemployment benefits.

It can take weeks for the benefits to reach you, and minimizing that wait can help you shore up your financial situation.

"After a layoff, workers should apply for unemployment benefits immediately to help cover essential expenses and preserve their savings for true emergencies," said certified financial planner Douglas Boneparth, president of Bone Fide Wealth in New York. Boneparth is also a member of the CNBC Financial Advisor Council.

U.S. employers have cut 1.17 million jobs through November of this year, with corporate restructuring, artificial intelligence and tariffs to blame, consulting firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas reported Thursday. That number is the highest level since 2020, during the Covid pandemic.

Payroll processing firm ADP also found this week that the labor market slowdown intensified in November, with private companies cutting 32,000 workers.

If you live in one state and work in another, you'll want to apply for the aid in the state where you worked, experts say.

On a DOL-sponsored website, you can find the contact information for state unemployment agencies.

State agencies should pay benefits within three weeks of your application, but delays have become more common since the pandemic, Evermore said.

"It's probably going to get worse as layoffs increase," she added.

Maximum benefits vary by state

Maximum unemployment benefit amounts vary by state. For example, California's maximum weekly benefit is $450; in Florida, the cap is $275, Evermore said. Recently, the maximum weekly benefit in New York rose to $869.

Standard benefit timeline is 26 weeks, but not always

In most states, claimants can get unemployment benefits for 26 weeks, Evermore said — although it's less in some states. In Florida, for example, the benefits last for just 12 weeks.

Unemployment benefits are subject to taxes

Unemployment benefits are subject to federal taxes, and many states tax them, too. When you start to receive the payments, your state will typically give you the option to have taxes withheld, Evermore said.

It's a good idea to take that option to avoid a potentially hefty tax bill later, she said.