Russia Sets Consecutive Gas Export Records to China Through Power of Siberia Pipeline

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Summary:

Russia has broken its daily gas export record to China for four consecutive days via the Power of Siberia pipeline, reflecting a surge in energy cooperation and marking a key milestone in Gazprom’s long-term supply agreement with China....

Daily Export Records Reflect Growing Energy Ties

Russia has achieved a significant milestone in its energy partnership with China, with Gazprom setting new daily export records for four straight days through the Power of Siberia pipeline. According to Gazprom's official statement, the latest record was set on December 4, surpassing previous highs registered on December 1, 2, and 3. The daily export volumes have now reached the maximum designed capacity of 38 billion cubic meters per year, as agreed upon in the long-term contract signed between Gazprom and China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) in 2014.

This achievement underscores the consistent expansion of Russian natural gas deliveries to China since exports began in December 2019. The annual export volumes have grown sharply from 4.1 bcm in 2020 to 10.39 bcm in 2021, 15.4 bcm in 2022, 22.73 bcm in 2023, and 31.12 bcm in 2024. For the first nine months of 2025 alone, exports rose by more than 27% compared to the same period in the previous year.

Surpassing Contractual Targets Ahead of Schedule

Gazprom CEO Alexei Miller confirmed that Russia’s total gas exports to China via the Power of Siberia are projected to surpass the 38 bcm capacity in 2025, ahead of schedule. This would mark a significant milestone in Russia's fulfillment of its 30-year contract signed with CNPC, which envisions the delivery of over 1,000 bcm of natural gas, valued at approximately $400 billion.

The current momentum also highlights Russia’s shift toward strengthening its eastern energy corridor, particularly amid changing dynamics in its European energy trade. The Power of Siberia is now the largest pipeline system for gas exports in Russia’s Far East, and its role is increasingly central in Moscow’s strategy to diversify energy markets and deepen ties with Beijing.

Expanding Capacity Beyond 38 Bcm: Strategic Agreements and Future Pipelines

In line with broader strategic ambitions, President Vladimir Putin’s visit to China resulted in several agreements aimed at expanding this cooperation. New documents signed include:

A memorandum of understanding on constructing the Power of Siberia 2 pipeline, designed to deliver 50 bcm/year

A decision to increase the existing Power of Siberia pipeline’s capacity from 38 to 44 bcm/year

An additional planned increase of 2 bcm, further pushing the infrastructure toward enhanced utilization

These developments position Russia to potentially supply up to 106 bcm of gas annually to China in the near future, a figure that more than doubles current export levels and marks a substantial reorientation of Russia’s energy export landscape toward the East.

Cause or Correlation? Energy Strategy in a Geopolitical Context

The sharp rise in Russian gas exports to China is not simply a function of market dynamics it is the result of deliberate geopolitical and strategic choices. The correlation between Western sanctions and Russia’s pivot to Asian markets is well established. However, the causal relationship is seen in the acceleration of infrastructure projects like Power of Siberia 2, which aims to replace lost European demand with long-term Asian contracts.

Conversely, China’s energy diversification strategy and its ambition to secure stable, non-maritime sources of fuel make it a willing and strategic partner. This creates a reciprocal causal alignment, where both nations leverage energy ties to strengthen broader bilateral cooperation.

A New Energy Axis Emerges

Russia’s consecutive record-breaking gas exports to China via the Power of Siberia pipeline reflect more than just technical achievements they symbolize a deepening energy alliance between two major global powers. As Moscow reorients its energy strategy eastward, and Beijing seeks secure supplies for its long-term energy needs, the Power of Siberia stands as a literal and figurative conduit of this evolving geopolitical alignment.

The expansion of infrastructure and contractual commitments suggests that this partnership will continue to reshape global energy flows, with lasting consequences for both the West’s energy security calculus and the structure of international gas markets.

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